Psychiatric Theories and Therapies

Terms in this set (15)

1. According to Freud’s personality structure, which component acts as the 'moral component'?The Superego acts as the moral component of the personality.
2. What is the primary purpose of defense mechanisms according to psychoanalytic theory?Defense mechanisms operate on an unconscious level to deny, falsify, or distort reality to ward off anxiety and prevent conscious awareness of threatening feelings.
3. A nurse realizes they are responding negatively to a patient because the patient reminds them of a difficult family member. This is an example of:Countertransference.
4. According to Interpersonal Theory, what is the primary purpose of all behavior?The purpose of all behavior is to get needs met through interpersonal interactions and to reduce or avoid anxiety.
5. Which theorist is considered the foundation of psychiatric nursing and emphasized the nurse as a participant-observer?Hildegard Peplau.
6. What is the primary goal of Rational-Emotive Therapy (Ellis)?The goal is to eradicate irrational beliefs and recognize thoughts that are not accurate.
7. In Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, what is the clinical implication for nursing practice?It helps in prioritizing nursing actions by establishing what is most important in the sequencing of care, ensuring lower-level needs are met before higher-level needs.
8. Which of the following are considered brain stimulation therapies used in the biological model? (Select all that apply.)Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), Transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), and Deep brain stimulation (DBS).
9. According to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, what is the primary developmental task for an individual aged 65+?Integrity vs. despair.
10. What is the focus of 'Milieu Therapy' in a psychiatric setting?It utilizes the total environment—including people, setting, structure, and emotional climate—to promote healing.
11. Which cognitive theory focuses on identifying and testing distorted beliefs to reduce symptoms?Cognitive behavioral therapy (Beck).
12. What is the difference between the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious levels of awareness?The conscious contains current awareness; the preconscious contains material easily retrieved through effort; the unconscious contains repressed memories and unacceptable urges.
13. A patient is struggling with grief, loss, and interpersonal disputes. Which therapy is most effective for these issues?Interpersonal therapy.
14. How does the biological model view psychiatric illness?It focuses on neurological, chemical, biological, and genetic factors, examining how the brain and body interact to create emotions, memories, and perceptions.
15. Why is it important for a nurse to assess a patient's developmental stage?It helps the nurse determine which types of interventions are most likely to be effective based on the patient's specific developmental needs.